Following Concepts Must Be Study
1. Revision of Class IX Syllabus (20 to 25 Marks)
Introduction to Object Oriented Programming concepts,
Elementary Concept of Objects and Classes,
Values and Data types,
Operators in Java,
Input in Java,
Mathematical Library Methods,
Conditional constructs in Java,
Iterative constructs in Java.
1. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming concepts
(i) Principles of Object Oriented Programming, Difference between Procedure
Oriented and Object oriented.
Principles of Object Oriented Programming
- Data abstraction,
- Inheritance,
- Polymorphism,
- Encapsulation
(ii) Introduction to JAVA - Types of java programs - Applets and Applications,
Java Compilation process, Java Source code, Byte code, Object code, Java
Virtual Machine (JVM), Features of JAVA. Steps involved in compilation process,
defions of source code, byte code, object code, JVM,
Features of JAVA -
- Simple
- Robust
- Secured
- Object oriented
- Platform independent, etc.
2. Elementary Concept of Objects and Classes
Modelling entities and their behaviour by objects, a class as a specification for
objects and as an object factory, computation as message passing/method calls
between objects. Objects encapsulate state (attributes) and have behaviour
(methods). Class as a user defined data type. A class may be regarded as a
blueprint to create objects. It may be viewed as a factory that produces similar
objects. A class may also be considered as a new data type created by the user,
that has its own functionality.
3. Values and data types
Tokens and its types
- Keywords
- Identifiers
- Literals
- Punctuators
- Operators
Data types Primitive types and non-primitive types with examples, Introduce the
primitive types with size in bits and bytes,
Data type conversions. Implicit type conversion and Explicit type conversion.
Escape sequences [\n, \t,\b, \r, \\, \", \'],
Character set, ASCII code, Unicode, Constants and Variables,
4. Operators in Java
Forms of operators, Types of operators, Counters, Accumulators, Hierarchy
of operators, 'new' operator, dot (.) operator. Forms of operators (Unary,
Binary, Ternary), types of operators (Arithmetic, Relational, Logical,
Assignment, Increment, Decrement, Shorthand operators), Discuss precedence
and associativity of operators, prefix and postfix, Creation of dynamic memory
by using new operator, invoking members of class using dot operator, Introduce
System.out.println() and System.out.print() for simple output.
(Bitwise and shift operators are not included).
5. Input in Java
Initialization, Parameter, introduction to packages, Input streams (Scanner Class),
types of errors, types of comments
Initialization - Data before execution, Parameters-at the time of execution, input
stream - data entry during execution - using methods of Scanner class
Scanner class methods
- nextShort()
- nextInt()
- nextLong()
- nextFloat ()
- nextDouble()
- next()
- nextLine()
- next ().charAt(0)
Different types of errors occurring during execution and compilation of the
program (syntax errors, runtime errors and logical errors).
Comment Style
Single line comment (//) and multiline comment (/* ... */)
6. Mathematical Library Methods
Introduction to package java.lang [default ]
Methods of Math class.
- pow(x,y)
- sqrt(x)
- cbrt(x)
- ceil(x)
- floor(x)
- round(x)
- abs(x)
- max(x, y)
- min(x,y)
- random().
Java expressions - using all the operators and methods of Math class.
7. Conditional constructs in Java
Application of if, if else, if else if ladder, switch-case, default, break. if, if else,
if else if, Nested if, switch case, break statement, fall through condition in
switch case, Menu driven programs, System.exit(0) - to terminate the program.
8. Iterative constructs in Java
Definition, Types of looping statements, entry controlled loops [ for, while],
variations in looping statements, and Jump statements.
Syntax of entry loops, break and continue, Simple programs illustrating all two loops,
inter conversion from for-while finite and infinite, delay, multiple counter variables.
2. Class as the Basis of all Computation (2 to 4 Marks)
Objects and Classes Objects encapsulate state and behaviour - numerous
examples; member variables; attributes or features. Variables define state; member
methods;
Operations/methods/messages/ methods define behaviour. Classes as abstractions
for sets of objects; class as an object factory; primitive data types, composite data
types. Variable declarations for both types; difference between the two types.
Objects as instances of a class. Consider real life examples for explaining the concept
of class and object.
3. User- defined Methods(12 to 15 Marks)
Need of methods, syntax of methods, forms of methods, method definition, method
calling, method overloading, declaration of methods, Ways to define a method,
ways to invoke the methods - call by value and call by reference Object creation
- invoking the methods with respect to use of multiple methods with different
names to implement modular programming, using data members and member
methods, Actual parameters and formal parameters, Declaration of methods - static
and non-static, method prototype / signature, - Pure and impure methods, - pass
by value [with programs] and pass by reference [only definition with an example],
Returning values from the methods, use of multiple methods and more than one
method with the same name (polymorphism - method overloading).
4. Constructors(2 to 4 Marks)
Definition of Constructor, characteristics, types of constructors, use of
constructors, constructor overloading.
Default constructor, parameterized constructor, constructor overloading.,
Difference between constructor and method.